Understand the Basic Programs: SSDI vs. SSI

Minnesota residents can apply for two federal programs:

• SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance): For people who have worked and paid Social Security taxes.
• SSI (Supplemental Security Income): For individuals with limited income and resources, regardless of work history.

The application process and criteria are similar, but there are key differences in financial eligibility.

Meet the Federal Definition of Disability

The Social Security Administration (SSA) uses the same medical criteria nationwide, including in Minnesota. To qualify, you must:

• Have a medically determinable physical or mental impairment.
• Show that your condition has lasted or is expected to last at least 12 months, or is terminal.
• Prove that your impairment prevents you from engaging in substantial gainful activity (SGA).

For 2025, earning more than $1,550/month (non-blind applicants) may disqualify you due to SGA limits.

Have Sufficient Work Credits (For SSDI)

For SSDI, your eligibility depends on your work history:

• You generally need 40 work credits, 20 of which were earned in the last 10 years.
• Younger workers may qualify with fewer credits.

You earn 1 credit per $1,730 in wages or self-employment income (2025 figures), up to 4 credits per year.

Meet Income and Resource Limits (For SSI)

SSI focuses on financial need:

• Income limits vary depending on your situation, but are roughly $943/month for individuals in 2025.
• Resource limits: You must have less than $2,000 in countable assets ($3,000 for couples).

Minnesota also supplements SSI with additional state assistance, offering slightly better support than federal minimums.

Medical Evidence Is Critical

The SSA will closely examine:

• Medical records from doctors, hospitals, and clinics.
• Test results and imaging (MRI, X-rays, blood tests, etc.).
• Statements from physicians about your functional limitations.
• Treatment history and compliance.

Tip: The stronger and more recent your medical documentation, the better.

Cooperate with Consultative Examinations (If Required)

If your medical records are incomplete, the SSA may require you to attend a consultative exam with an independent doctor. These exams are free, but attendance is mandatory.

Consider State Resources for Help

Minnesota offers helpful resources, such as:

• Minnesota Disability Law Center (MDLC): Free legal advice and advocacy.
• Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED): Vocational rehab and employment services.
• Social Security Field Offices: Local offices can guide you through applications.

Apply for Benefits

You can apply:

• Online at SSA.gov
• By phone at 1-800-772-1213
• In person at your local Minnesota SSA office

Processing times vary but expect an initial decision in about 3 to 6 months.

Appeal If Denied

Many first-time applications are denied. Don’t be discouraged! In Minnesota, you can appeal through:

1. Reconsideration
2. Administrative law judge hearing
3. Appeals Council review
4. Federal court

Having an experienced Minnesota disability attorney can make a huge difference at this stage.